Search results for "Operative temperature"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Integrazione di celle fotovoltaiche ibride nel vetromattone

2012

L’invenzione riguarda l’integrazione del vetromattone con celle solari ibride (organiche/inorganiche), conosciute come Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC). La combinazione del vetromattone con le DSC consente di migliorare le prestazioni del prodotto originario rendendolo in grado di produrre energia pulita. Le caratteristiche di trasparenza e isolamento termo-acustico del prodotto possono essere regolate agendo sulla configurazione delle DSC. Il prodotto può essere assemblato a formare pannelli fotovoltaici per la realizzazione di facciate traslucide energeticamente “attive” in varie condizioni luminose (condizioni di luce diffusa o artificiale) e indipendentemente dall’angolo di radiazione so…

The integration of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC) with the glassblock is disclosed. The combination of the two technological elements the glassblock and the DSC module enhance their own peculiarities. The final complete product is ready-made for installation owns the qualities of the glassblock and produces sustainable energy at the same time. The transparency and the thermo-acoustic insulation may be modulated according to the specific requirements of each case of installation. The product may be used for example to create PV panels for glazed and translucent façades that are able to perform efficiently in all light conditions (even in diffuse light also converting internal artificial light) that are not dependant on the angle of the solar radiation and do not suffer from the high operative temperatures of functioning due to the peculiarities of the DSCs. DSCs are made of economic and biocompatible materials and are produced with low-cost and highly productive printing methods on rigid or flexible substrates. With the integration of DSC modules with the glassblock PV panels coincide with the envelope itself so that they do not need any further structures to be installed on and allow the possibility of subtract from the price of the panel the price of the substituted building element allowing further economies. DSCs can be printed in different colours and with various patterns offering to designers and customers the possibility of intervening on the glassblock aesthetical aspect also taking advantage of the peculiar modularity of the glassblock for larger compositions of drawings on the building’s façade. Seven Hypotheses of integration are discussed in order to obtain DSC-integrated glassblock ready for the construction of a precast and dry-assembled PV panel which can use the horizontal and vertical cavities between the glassblocks to house plastic profiles where the electric interconnections and the steel bars -useful for improve the mechanical resistance of the panel- are integrated.Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura Tecnica
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A novel implicit correlation for the operative temperature of a PV panel

2012

Abstract The operating temperature of a commercial PV panel strongly affects the electric power output of the devices. The prediction of the operating temperature therefore plays a central role in the economic and energy assessment of PV systems. The authors propose a new implicit correlation that takes into account the standard weather variables but also the regimen of PV panel in terms of the proximity to the maximum power points. Data coming from an experimental setup were processed by using the least squares technique. To validate the reliability of the correlation, a comparison between expected values and data from other common correlations were done. The results show that the regimen …

EngineeringOperative temperatureleast squares techinqueSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleMaximum power principlebusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemPV cell temperatureGeneral MedicineLeast squaressolar cellCorrelationReliability (semiconductor)Operating temperatureControl theoryPV cell temperature; least squares techinque; experimental data; solar cellexperimental dataEconometricsElectric powerbusiness
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Notes on the Use of the Tables of Standard ISO 7730 for the Evaluation of the PMV Index

1996

Standard ISO 7730, which is also known as European Standard EN-ISO 7730, provides two alternative methods for the evaluation of the predicted mean vote (PMV) index: a calculation program and a set of tables. In order to use the tables, the operative temperature must be calculated beforehand. The impres sion is given from reading the standard that for a relative humidity of 50%, the two methods are equivalent, i.e. provide the same value for PMV, from the same initial values. In this paper, examples are given showing that the two methods are not equivalent. Differences between them are analysed and a proposal made to introduce an amendment in the next revision of the stan dard.

Alternative methodsEngineering drawingEngineeringIndex (economics)business.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthValue (computer science)StandardizationSet (abstract data type)StatisticsISO 7730Thermal environmentEuropean standardOperative temperaturebusiness
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Fifty Years of PMV Model: Reliability, Implementation and Design of Software for Its Calculation

2019

In most countries, PMV is the reference index for the assessment of thermal comfort conditions in mechanically conditioned environments. It is also the basis to settle input values of the operative temperature for heating and cooling load calculations, sizing of equipment, and energy calculations according to EN 16798-1 and 16798-2 Standards. Over the years, great effort has been spent to study the reliability of PMV, whereas few investigations were addressed to its calculation. To study this issue, the most significant apps devoted to its calculation have been compared with a reference software compliant with EN ISO 7730 and the well-known ASHRAE Thermal Comfort Tool. It has been revealed …

Reference softwareAtmospheric ScienceOperative temperature010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceCooling load0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologylcsh:QC851-999Thermal comfortEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)01 natural sciencesBuilding simulationSoftwareASHRAE 90.1021108 energyReliability (statistics)App; Building simulation; Comfort indices; PMV; Software; Thermal comfort0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbusiness.industryThermal comfortSizingReliability engineeringPMVPMV comfort indices thermal comfort software app building simulationlcsh:Meteorology. ClimatologyAppbusinessComfort indicesSoftware
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On the experimental validation of an improved five-parameter model for silicon photovoltaic modules

2012

Abstract This paper presents the experimental validation of a new five-parameter model capable of analytically describing the I–V characteristic of a silicon photovoltaic module for each generic condition of operative temperature and solar irradiance. The operating current calculated with the model was validated on the basis of a series of experimental measurements performed in the field on two commercial silicon photovoltaic panels connected to a set of nine constant values of the electrical load. In order to examine the panels working in almost steady-state conditions only the data-sets of the sunniest days from sunrise to sunset were used. Unfortunately the production spread of photovolt…

Silicon photovoltaic moduleExperimental validationOperative temperatureSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleMaterials scienceField (physics)SiliconElectrical loadRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemchemistry.chemical_elementMechanical engineeringI–V characteristicSolar irradianceSolar energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolar energychemistrybusinessConstant (mathematics)Five-parameter modelSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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The calculation of the mean radiant temperature of a subject exposed to the solar radiation – A generalised algorithm

2005

Abstract The thermal sensation experienced by a subject in a confined environment is significantly affected by the radiative heat exchange between the human body and the surrounding surfaces: it contributes as far as 30% of the whole thermal exchanges of the subject. Besides, the presence of high-intensity radiation sources like, for example, the sun, may appreciably modify the radiant field to which people are exposed. As a consequence, this could alter notably the comfort conditions. In order of properly taking into account this issue, a simple analytical method is introduced in this work, that allows the easy evaluation of the thermal radiant field induced by the presence of the solar ra…

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Operative temperatureEnvironmental EngineeringRadiative heat exchangebusiness.industryGeography Planning and DevelopmentMean radiant temperatureThermal comfortBuilding and ConstructionMechanicsRadiationThermal comfortOpticsPMVThermalHeat transferPassive solar building designMean radiant temperaturebusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringPPD
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